Level 1 sustainability is essentially duplicating Earth’s basal ecosystem. sources of energy) defining four levels of sustainability, each with increasing supply chain requirements. The theory describes the limits of space settlement ecosystems necessary to sustain life based on sufficient area and availability of resources (e.g. “Stated simply, sustainable development of a human settlement requires a basal ecosystem to be present on location with self-restoring order, capacity, and organization equivalent to Earth.” Their theory sheds light on the challenges and conditions required for self restoring ecosystems to sustain a healthy growing human population in extraterrestrial environments. The pair use the laws of thermal dynamics and the effects of gravity upon ecosystems to analyze the evolution of human life in Earth’s biosphere and gravity well. To ascertain just how difficult human expansion off Earth will be, a new quantitative method of human sustainability called the Panscosmorio Theory has been developed by Lee Irons and his daughter Morgan in a paper in Frontiers of Astronomy and Space Sciences. The forces of nature conspire against humans outside their comfortable biosphere and normal gravity conditions. Its a given that space travel and settlement are difficult. Artist’s impression of the interior of an O’Neill Cylinder space settlement near the endcap.
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